Working papers.

Questions currently being developed into technical drafts. Each entry describes an investigation in progress.

WORLD MODELS

Right for the Right Reasons

Investigates whether a world model’s confidence tracks the reasons its predictions succeed. The draft considers predictability and surprise as signals that may reveal a mismatch.

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COUNTERFACTUAL LEARNING

Twin Worlds

Uses paired worlds to ask what a model learns from their differences. By changing one condition at a time, the work examines whether a representation captures a causal distinction.

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GENERALIZATION

Competence, Not Structure

Tests whether apparent structural understanding reflects reusable competence. The focus is on behavior under changed tasks, rather than performance on familiar examples alone.

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ENERGY-BASED MODELS

When Energy Decomposes

Studies when an energy function can be separated into meaningful constraints. The question is whether that structure helps explain how a model rules out inconsistent possibilities.

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LANGUAGE MODELS

How Deep It Goes

Examines how far language models can track nested beliefs about other agents. The draft looks for ways to distinguish a shallow answer pattern from deeper recursive reasoning.

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These are working descriptions, not published papers.